تحلیل عملکرد شورای امنیت مللمتحد و دیوان بینالمللی کیفری در قبال نقض حقوق بشردوستانه توسط نیروهای امریکا و ناتو در افغانستان
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چکیده
زمینه و هدف: نقضهای حقوق بینالملل بشردوستانه در جریان حضور نظامی ایالات متحدۀ امریکا و ناتو در افغانستان، از چالشهای مهم حقوقی و سیاسی نظام بینالملل معاصر است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی عملکرد شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد و دیوان بینالمللی کیفری در قبال نقضهای مستند حقوق بشردوستانه توسط نیروهای امریکا و ناتو در افغانستان طی سالهای ۲۰۰۱ تا ۲۰۲۱ میباشد.
روش: این پژوهش با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و بر پایۀ منابع کتابخانهیی، اسناد بینالمللی، رویههای قضایی و گزارشهای حقوق بشری انجام شده است.
یافتهها: یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهد که علیرغم وجود مستندات معتبر دربارۀ جنایات جنگی، شورای امنیت و دیوان بینالمللی کیفری تحت تأثیر ملاحظات سیاسی، ساختار قدرت و محدودیتهای حقوقی، عملکردی محدود و غیرمستقل داشتهاند.
نتیجهگیری: نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که ملاحظات سیاسی و ساختار قدرت در نظام بینالملل، مانع تحقق کامل پاسخگویی در قبال نقضهای حقوق بشردوستانه در افغانستان شده است. نوآوری پژوهش در تحلیل همزمان عملکرد شورای امنیت و دیوان بینالمللی کیفری در قبال وضعیت افغانستان میباشد.
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