راهبرد چرخش ایالات متحده به سوی آسیا و تأثیر آن بر رویکرد چین به خلیج فارس
DOI::
https://doi.org/10.58342/ghalibqj.V.15.I.2.7کلمات کلیدی:
ایالات متحده, چین, راهبرد چرخش به آسیا, رئالیزم نئوکلاسیک, خلیج فارسچکیده
زمینه و هدف: رویکرد سیاست خارجی چین به خلیج فارس در سالهای اخیر تغییر کرده و حضور این کشور در منطقه، که زمانی حیاطخلوت ایالات متحده محسوب میشد، گسترش یافته است. دربارة انگیزهها و اهداف تغییر رویکرد چین به خلیج فارس دیدگاههای مختلفی مطرح شده است. ایدة کمتر بحثشدهیی که مقالة حاضر دنبال کرده است، تأثیر سیاست چرخش ایالات متحده به آسیا بر رویکرد چین به خلیج فارس است.
روش: روش پژوهش در این مقاله ماهیت توصیفی – تحلیلی داشته و از نظر شیوة تحلیل دادهها، از روشکیفی استفاده شده است. گردآوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز پژوهش از طریق مطالعة کتابخانهیی و بررسی اسنادی صورت گرفته است.
یافتهها: یافتههای مقاله نشان میدهد که، تأثیر سیاست چرخش به آسیای ایالات متحده بر رویکرد چین به خلیج فارس مستقیم نبوده، بلکه بهواسطة برداشت رهبران پکن صورت گرفته است و پکن راهبرد چرخش به آسیا را تهدیدی بسیار جدی در محیط پیرامونی شرقی و جنوبی خود برداشت کرد و همزمان رهبری چین به این نتیجه رسید که با گسترش قدرت خود در محیط پیرامونی غربی و به سمت خلیج فارس، میتواند ضمن گریز از محاصرة ایالات متحده از فرصتهای جدید ایجادشده در این حوزه بهرهبرداری نماید.
نتیجهگیری: استراتیژی چرخش به آسیای ایالات متحده از طریق، حضور اینکشور در سازمانهای چندجانبة منطقهیی و استقرار بخش بزرگ نیروهای نظامی در منطقة هند – اقیانوس آرام، نقش مهمی در تصمیمگیری رهبری چین در تغییر رویکرد این کشور به شکل حضور فعال اقتصادی و نقشآفرینی محتاطانه سیاسی– امنیتی در خلیج فارس داشته است.
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