ETHICAL CONSIDERATION

Introduction

Morality is the collective character; it is an inner power and nature, which can be seen with the vision of non-manifest insight. It is a firm attribute that a person performs any appropriate action immediately without thinking; because courage in the time of danger, forgiveness in the time of anger, sacrifice in the time of poverty and drunkenness. In the term, ethics is "principles and values ​​that regulate human behavior.

Morality has two aspects: one includes all virtues and the second includes all vices. Virtues have a good message and vices have a negative charge. Whenever absolute morality is mentioned, its purpose is to imagine and perceive positively; such as journalistic ethics, scientific ethics, medical ethics, etc.

Undoubtedly, the meaning of the word ethics is clear and desirable, it does not need to be learned much; but because the fate of morality is connected to art, knowledge, business and social behavior of human beings, it carries more details with it, which is inevitable to be analyzed in order to learn and understand its details. Even in spite of learning the details of ethics, sometimes it requires such precision that it is difficult to observe it in the appropriate points and basic aspect of life; therefore, ethics should be defined with each of its appropriate aspects. One of the basic aspects of the discourse of ethics is the scientific, research and authorship fields which is difficult to maintain.

The cores of transmitting scientific, cultural and informational messages, such as books, treatises, yearly books, quarterly magazines, monthly magazines, weekly magazines, newspapers, etc., in order to gain the trust of the audience; They need to have principles that bring moral reliance. The principles that make all involved, such as the director, editor, writers, faculty and judges, to comply with it.

Base

This ethical order has been compiled according to the 2019 publication bill of the Ministry of Higher Education of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and in harmony with the principles of Ghalib University; therefore, in this policy, ethical standards have been considered for the authors and practitioners of the scientific-research quarterly.

  • The director manager and the beliefs of the responsibility of maintaining the legal and spiritual trust of the quarterly is one of the valuable responsibilities of the director manager;
  • To the best of his ability, the scientific manager is responsible for justifying the scientific criteria of the quarterly to promote the moral culture of the society;
  • Ensuring the standards of completeness and correctness of the writings is one of the responsibilities of the administrator;
  • The director manager is responsible for all justification reforms, constructive policies and accuracy and transparency;
  • In order to avoid mistakes, the director manager makes sure of the correct evaluation of the writings and the knowledge of their contents;
  • It is the responsibility of the chief editor to determine the lines and tastes, and the appropriate standards, along with recognizing the conformity of the writings with the ethical standards of the quarterly;
  • Determining the ethics-oriented features of the quarterly magazine and the work group suitable for this idea is the responsibility of the responsible director;
  • The responsible director makes continuous efforts to promote the magazine to a good reputation and remove any negative impression from the publication;
  • The final person in charge of all ethical, legal and administrative activities of the quarterly is the director manager.

Chief Editor, in charge of scientific-epistemological point of view

  • Sincere effort in improving the scientific quality of the quarterly is the responsibility of the editor;
  • The editor is responsible for the fair evaluation of the articles, with scientific criteria, whether to prescribe publication or not;
  • One of the responsibilities of the editor is to recognize the consistency of the submitted articles with the scientific-ethical values ​​of the quarterly;
  • The editor has a scientific and conscientious obligation to evaluate the articles only from a scientific and content point of view, regardless of the citizenship, ethnic, racial, gender, intellectual and religious beliefs, or political orientations of the author;
  • The editor does not disclose any content of the submitted article except to the author, reviewer, editor and publisher;
  • The editor is responsible for unpublished articles; without the official permission of the author, he does not use the article of the latter;
  • It is one of the duty and conscientious responsibilities of the editor to ensure the confidentiality of the articles before publishing.
  • The editor must maintain the confidentiality of the names of the referees and the names of the authors when judging and reviewing the articles;
  • The editor should not prescribe conflicts of interest when evaluating the articles (an article should not be published that directly conflicts with the interest of the institution, publication or person.

The editorial board: Responsible for identifying work and workers

The editorial board has duties, which are represented in the framework of ethical concepts based on the following:

  • The selection of judges according to scientific and conscientious requirements is one of the responsibilities of the editorial board;
  • The members of the editorial board are responsible for preparing the list of criteria for judging the papers;
  • Among the ethical and conscientious responsibilities of the editorial board is the selection or rejection of the articles
  • Identifying scientific and literary plagiarism, possible frauds, returning writings, etc. is the scientific-ethical duty of the board member;
  • The moral idea of ​​the board member requires the focus on the aspect of rationality and knowledge of the writing;
  • The member of the editorial board will not disclose the contents of the submitted article to anyone other rather than the responsible author and referee;
  • Unpublished articles should not be used personally by the editorial board member

 

Referees, distinguishing worthy and unworthy

  • The referee cooperates with the editor in deciding whether or not to publish the submitted articles;
  • It is the referee's responsibility to keep the contents of the articles under review confidential before publication;
  • The presentation of the reviewer's point of view regarding the submitted articles should be truth-oriented, specialized regardless of any personal bias;
  • If the writing/article has a conflict of interest with one of the authors or institutions, the referee should not judge the writing; If necessary, the conflict of interest must be specified and disclosed;
  • The referee is responsible for the possibility of academic and literary plagiarism, fraud and forgery in the article under review, to follow up and report the case to the responsible director and editor;
  • The referee is not allowed to use the writings of the authors

 

Innovation and Initiative

  • It is the scientific and moral responsibility of the author, that the writing and its results are based on the specialized field of the magazine;
  • Rejected or withdrawn articles will be removed from the quarterly’s archive after three months, and the quarterly will not accept any responsibility for it;
  • The acceptance of the submitted article is conditional on the result of the author's own research; The use of other writers’ research is acceptable only by mentioning the name;
  • The prevailing ethical idea of ​​the quarterly is that the author should provide accurate citations by referring to the main sources of the research paper;
  • The writer is responsible for the writing he sends to Ghalib Quarterly, far from repetition, to have a message and an effort to meet the needs of the society;
  • It is one of the author's scientific and ethical duties to determine the authenticity of the information used in the article.
  • Using other writings and sources, the author has to accept moral and scientific responsibility, if he sent an article or a part of it to this quarterly, and it is under review, he should not send all or part of it to another publication and vice versa;
  • The information should be complete and relevant and the source should be mentioned explicitly;
  • The author should not send an article to Ghalib quarterly that has been published or accepted for publication in this language or in another language, and vice versa.
  • The author, from the moral point of view, should be strict in expressing his thought and claiming his scientific thought, specify his intellectual point of view in the writing, and what he has rewritten or quoted from other people's writing, he should include it in the form of quotation "....." and mentioning the source;
  • An article that has been rejected by the editor, after evaluation, should not be resubmitted by the author; if one is interested in submitting a revised version of the article, they should clear the matter with the editor and obtain its approval before submitting.

 

Trust and authenticity

  • The author of the article, be it one or more, is responsible for the originality of the article. The right to verify the authenticity of the articles sent to the journal is reserved;
  • The author has a duty and conscientious responsibility to observe scientific trust during research, so that something is attributed to someone; Therefore, caution and avoidance in the following possible cases should have a message of our author's trustworthiness:

 

 Avoiding the inclusion of scientific works/accomplishments of others in the name of the author of the thesis (plagiarism);

Avoiding the repetition of one author's research in several scientific/writing journals;

Avoiding including the names of authors who did not work or contribution to the article;

 Avoiding copying or quoting other people's writings, without adhering to recognized scientific-research principles;

 One of the moral responsibilities of the author is to avoid conflict of interests; it means the existence or creation of a relationship between the author and the parties involved in the publication which creates material benefits for one; its example can be as following:

one of the authors in the same institution as the referee or editor;

 The responsible author or one of the co-authors must be a member of the research/scientific papers department;

 Being a partner of the author or one of the partners of the article, editor or reviewer, at the same time, a colleague of a group of co-authors in another article/research

The writings presented in the abstract frames in scientific-specialized conferences and seminars, if they contain the conditions of the quarterly journal, can be published in the form of a complete research/article.

 

Secrecy

Ghalib scientific-research quarterly, in reviewing and evaluating the sent writings, follows the method of confidentiality so that the name of the author and the name of the reviewer are not revealed to each other. It is desirable for the mentioned parties to maintain this confidentiality and not to reveal their identity to each other, so that there is fairness-oriented impartiality in judging the writings. Therefore, our author cannot mention his identity in the text of the article, in the margins, footnotes, etc., which would violate this confidentiality;

 

  • In order to maintain confidentiality, the author should avoid publishing the title, topic, or paragraph or contents of the article in the publication base before the publication of the quarterly;
  • In order to maintain confidentiality, the author should not mention in the submitted article the names that had commented or provided an observation in his previous articles;
  • It is the author's responsibility to respect privacy, human dignity and recognized human freedoms.

 

Precautionary

 Responsibility is the basis of the development of science and the author is responsible for the scientific views which are included and sent in the writing; Therefore, in claiming, quoting, and narrating, one must be careful and cautious;

  • It is one of the author's scientific and conscientious duties to present what he has used in his hypotheses and research questions as a supplement to the readers without valuing whether it supports the expected consequences or contradicts it;
  • In his writing, the author must provide the necessary references, sources and details to facilitate the access of readers and researchers, so that there is a field for similar research and to prevent the interference of similar topics and abuse;
  • pointing out the points of moral conflict that upset the social spirit Such as ethnic, tribal, racial, and religious aspects providing false and fake information, etc. are considered against the ethical standards of this quarterly;
  • If there is a palpable slip in the writing/article, our writer will point out the issue to the editor as soon as he feels it and take serious action in correcting and revising the writing; If after the publication of the article in the quarterly, the third direction claims the wrong issue; If we are not satisfied with the correctness of the writing, our author should immediately submit his proofs to the editor.

 

Shared Researches

  • Those who participate in the preparation of a research, their name and their contribution should be specified in the research, and they must fulfill their responsibility with devotion, and be responsible for its results;
  • The value and privilege of joint research, as well as assuming responsibility is in the contribution that each has actually made;
  • Before sending the article to the quarterly, the responsible writer will share the final version with the subscribers in order to provide satisfaction;
  • One of the responsibilities of the author is to preserve the privacy, human dignity, freedom and well-being of the research partners;
  • Complex writings on human issues such as simulations, field studies and interviews should be compatible with legal principles, national, Islamic and human values.

Process to Manage Research and Publication Misconduct

The editorial board will incessantly work towards observing publication misconduct such as redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fraudulent or fabricated data, changes in authorship, undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, etc. When the journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct, the resolving process will be followed by guidelines provided by the "Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)". The complete guidelines appear on the COPE website: http://www.publicationethics.org.