The impact of internal and external factors on Afghan Migrants in Sidoarjo, Indonesia
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Abstract
Background and Objective: Ongoing conflicts, political instability, economic hardship, and insecurity in Afghanistan have forced many individuals to migrate in search of safety and better living conditions. Afghan immigrants in host countries often face numerous social, economic, health-related, and legal challenges during the resettlement process. Understanding the factors that drive migration and the difficulties experienced after migration is essential for developing effective policies and support mechanisms. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the internal and external factors influencing the migration of Afghan immigrants to Indonesia, as well as the challenges they encounter and their future aspirations.
Method: This study employs a quantitative cross-sectional research design. Data will be collected through a structured questionnaire administered to Afghan immigrants residing in Indonesia. The questionnaire focuses on migration motivations, social and economic conditions, health concerns, security issues, and resettlement experiences. The collected data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods to identify the major factors affecting the experiences of Afghan immigrants.
Results: The findings indicate that political instability, insecurity, economic difficulties, and lack of employment opportunities are among the primary reasons motivating Afghan immigrants to leave their country. The study also reveals that Afghan immigrants in Indonesia experience significant challenges related to employment, access to healthcare, social integration, financial instability, and uncertainty regarding legal status and future settlement. Despite these difficulties, many participants expressed hope for improved living conditions, educational opportunities, and long-term security.
Conclusion: The study highlights the complex factors contributing to Afghan migration and the multiple challenges faced by immigrants during resettlement in Indonesia. The findings can assist policymakers, humanitarian organizations, and relevant stakeholders in developing informed policies and targeted support programs to improve the living conditions of Afghan immigrants and address the underlying causes of forced migration.
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