Analysis of the position "coffee" in Persian literature

Abstract

One of the words used by poets and literati in their images is coffee. It seems that the meaning and examples of this word in Persian and Arabic texts have not been the same for a long time. Therefore, explaining the root of this word and showing the course of development and transformation of its meaning will be beneficial for people of literature. In this research, we have tried to answer this question by relying on some literary, historical, travelogues and authentic Persian and Arabic dictionaries, how coffee - which was referred to wine and thick wine in the past - is referred to something else today? In this research, we have used the descriptive-analytical method and based on the obtained evidence, we have shown that they used to make wine from the fruit of Shajar al-Beans or coffee and the product used was a thick, intoxicating wine. Over time, the type of product consumed from the coffee fruit has changed and has become today's form. Accordingly, the image of coffee found in contemporary poetry and literature is completely different from the image of coffee before the ninth century of Hijri and the Safavi period.