دیوان جزایی بین‌المللی و مرزهای حاکمیت دولت‌ها: کاوشی در معمای اجرا
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58342/ghalibqj.V.14.I.3.10واژه‌گانِ کلیدی:
حاکمیت، دولت، دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی، صلاحیت، صلاحیت تکمیلیچکیده
با تحقق جنایات بین‌المللی در قرن ۱۹ میلادی، دولت‌ها جهت برقراری نظم، امنیت و صلح بین‌المللی دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی را ایجاد کردند تا به جنایات بین‌المللی رسیده‌گی نمایند. با گسترش تعاملات سیاسی هدف‌مند دولت‌ها و سلطه‌طلبی بعضی از کشورها بر دیگران، آنان اجرای احکام دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی را مغایر با منافع خود دانسته و از اجرای آن خودداری می‌کنند. از این جهت، بررسی عدم اجرای احکام دیوان، در عرصۀ بین‌المللی حایز اهمیت است. هرچند، تأمین نظم و امنیت بین‌المللی ضرورت بر تحقیق چنین موضوعی دارند. هدف این تحقیق، تبیین مرزهای حاکمیت دولت‌ها و بررسی صلاحیت‌های دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی با هدف کاوش در معمای عدم اجرای احکام آن از سوی دولت‌هاست. پژوهش حاضر با بررسی نحوۀ اعمال صلاحیت دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی و بررسی حاکمیت دولت‌ها، به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی و با استفاده از منابع کتاب‌خانه‌یی و اینترنتی، در صدد پاسخ‌گویی به این پرسش بوده است که: دلایل عدم اجرای احکام دیوان از سوی دولت‌ها چه می‌باشند؟ یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که اجرای احکام دیوان نه‌تنها مخالف حاکمیت دولت‌ها نیست، بل‌که به‌منظور رعایت حقوق بشر و حفظ نظم بین‌المللی ضروری است. چنان‌‌که دولت‌هایی‌که بر‌اساس اساس‌نامه و احکام دیوان کیفری بین‌المللی عمل نمی‌کنند، ناشی از قدرت‌طلبی، کسب منافع اقتصادی، فقدان مکانیزم اجرایی قوی و حفظ ایدئولوژی‌های سیاسی‌شان در تعاملات با دیگر کشورهاست.
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